Isiqalelo seCerium (Ce)

I-element ethi "cerium" yafunyanwa yaza yathiywa igama ngo-1803 ngusosayensi waseJamani uMartin Heinrich Klaproth kunye neengcali zekhemistri zaseSweden uJöns Jakob Berzelius kunye noWilhelm Hisinger, behlonipha i-asteroid Ceres, eyafunyanwa ngo-1801.

I-Cerium ineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa:
(1) Njengesongezelelo kwiglasi,i-ceriuminokufunxa imitha ye-ultraviolet kunye ne-infrared, nto leyo eyenza ukuba isetyenziswe kakhulu kwiglasi yeemoto. Oku akukhuseli kuphela kwimitha ye-ultraviolet kodwa kunciphisa nobushushu bangaphakathi beemoto, ngaloo ndlela kugcina amandla asetyenziselwa ukuphola. Ukususela ngo-1997, zonke iiglasi zeemoto eJapan zifake i-cerium oxide, kwaye ngo-1996, i-United States yasebenzisa ngaphezulu kweetoni ezili-1,000 ze-i-cerium oxideyeglasi yeemoto.

(2)I-Ceriumokwangoku isetyenziswa kwii-catalysts zokucocwa kwegesi yokukhupha umoya kwiimoto, nto leyo ethintela ngempumelelo ukukhutshwa okukhulu kweegesi zokukhupha umoya kwiimoto emoyeni. E-United States, ukusetyenziswa kwe-cerium ngenxa yesi sizathu kwenza isithathu sesithathu sokusetyenziswa komhlaba onqabileyo.

(3) I-Cerium sulfide ingathatha indawo yeentsimbi ezinobungozi kokusingqongileyo ezifana ne-lead kunye ne-cadmium kwiipigment, ezifanelekileyo ukufaka imibala kwiplastiki, kunye nakwimizi-mveliso yepeyinti, i-inki kunye nephepha.

(4) Inkqubo yelaser yeCe: LiSAF, ilaser yesimo esiqinileyo eyaphuhliswa eMelika, inokujonga ubuninzi be-tryptophan ukuze ibone izixhobo zebhayoloji kwaye inezicelo zonyango.

Ukuguquguquka kwe-cerium kubonakala kwiindawo ezininzi, kuquka iipowders zokupolisha, izinto zokugcina i-hydrogen, izinto ze-thermoelectric, ii-cerium tungsten electrodes, ii-ceramic capacitors, ii-piezoelectric ceramics, ii-cerium silicon carbide abrasives, izinto ze-fuel cell, ii-gasoline catalysts, izinto ezithile ze-magnet ezisisigxina, ii-alloy steels ezahlukeneyo, kunye neentsimbi ezinemibala.