Izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba (ii-REE) ziye zaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yobomi banamhlanje, njengoko ziyizinto ezibalulekileyo kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ezifana neefowuni eziphathwayo, izithuthi zombane, ii-wind turbines, kunye neenkqubo zezixhobo. Nangona ishishini le-rare earth lincinci xa lithelekiswa namanye amacandelo ezimbiwa, ukubaluleka kwalo kukhule ngokukhawuleza kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, ngokuyintloko ngenxa yokwanda kwemfuno yetekhnoloji entsha kunye notshintsho lwehlabathi oluya kwimithombo yamandla ezinzileyo.
Uphuhliso lwe-Rare Earth lube yinto enomdla kumazwe aliqela kwihlabathi liphela, kuquka iTshayina, i-United States, ne-Australia. Kangangeminyaka emininzi, iTshayina ibingumthengisi ophambili we-REEs, ebanga ngaphezulu kwe-80% yemveliso yehlabathi. I-Rare Earths ayinqabile ngokwenene, kodwa kunzima ukuyikhupha nokuyicubungula, nto leyo eyenza imveliso kunye nokubonelela kwayo kube ngumsebenzi onzima nonzima. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokwanda kwemfuno ye-REEs, kubekho ukwanda okukhulu kwimisebenzi yokuhlola nokuphuhlisa, nto leyo ekhokelele ekufumanekeni nasekuphuhlisweni kwemithombo emitsha ye-rare Earths.
Enye indlela eyenzeka ngayo kwishishini le-rare earth kukukhula kwemfuno yezinto ezithile ze-rare earth. I-Neodymium kunye ne-praseodymium, ezizizinto ezibalulekileyo kwiimagnethi ezisisigxina ezisetyenziswa kumacandelo ahlukeneyo emizi-mveliso kunye nobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, zenza ipesenti enkulu yemfuno ye-rare earth. I-Europium, enye into ye-rare earth, isetyenziswa kwiithelevishini ezinemibala kunye nokukhanya kwe-fluorescent. I-Dysprosium, i-terbium, kunye ne-yttrium nazo zifunwa kakhulu ngenxa yeempawu zazo ezizodwa, nto leyo ezenza zibe yimfuneko enkulu ekwenziweni kweemveliso zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.
Ukwanda kwemfuno yale mihlaba inqabileyo kuthetha ukuba kukho imfuneko yokwanda kwemveliso, nto leyo efuna utyalo-mali olukhulu ekuphononongeni, ekumbiweni, nasekusetyenzweni. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yobunzima obubandakanyekayo ekukhutshweni nasekusetyenzweni kwee-REEs, kunye nemigaqo engqongqo yokusingqongileyo esebenzayo, iinkampani zemigodi zijongene nemingeni ebalulekileyo ecothisa inkqubo yophuhliso.
Nangona kunjalo, amathuba ophuhliso lwe-rare earth ahlala elungile, kunye nemfuno ekhulayo yetekhnoloji entsha, izithuthi zombane, kunye nemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo edala isidingo esikhulayo se-REEs. Amathuba okukhula kwexesha elide kweli candelo alungile, kwaye imakethi yehlabathi ye-rare earth kulindeleke ukuba ifikelele kwi-16.21 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ngo-2026, ikhule kwi-CAGR ye-8.44% phakathi ko-2021-2026.
Ukuqukumbela, indlela ephucukileyo yophuhliso lwe-rare earth kunye nethemba elihle zilungile. Ngenxa yokwanda kwemfuno yeemveliso zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, kukho imfuneko yokwanda kwemveliso ye-REE. Nangona kunjalo, iinkampani zemigodi kufuneka zihambe kwiingxaki ezibandakanyekayo ekukhutshweni nasekucutshungulweni kwe-REE kwaye zilandele imigaqo engqongqo yokusingqongileyo. Nangona kunjalo, amathuba okukhula kwexesha elide kwishishini le-rare earth ahlala eqinile, nto leyo eyenza kube lithuba elinomtsalane kubatyali-mali kunye nabachaphazelekayo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-05-2023
